Why Craig’s Bible translation is remarkably among Marg’s best
Marg Mowczko, at her Blog New Life, is responding to the question, Which Bible translation is best? She understands this question asked by some as meaning, Which English Bible translation is least “biased towards men when, in fact, the intended meaning of many passages is gender-inclusive (i.e. they apply to men and to women)”?
She gives us her blog readers a bit of a guessing game test:
[C]an you tell which of the following verses [in older translations] are addressed to men only (in the Greek text), and which verses are gender non-specific? The answer may surprise you. (I’ve underlined the masculine terms to highlight them.)
I want men everywhere to lift up holy hands in prayer, without anger or disputing. 1 Timothy 2:8 (NIV 1984)
If a man’s gift is prophesying, let him use it in proportion to his faith. If it is serving, let him serve; if it is teaching, let him teach; if it is encouraging, let him encourage; if it is contributing to the needs of others, let him give generously; if it is leadership, let him govern diligently; if it is showing mercy, let him do it cheerfully. Romans 12:6-8 (NIV 1984)
The things which you have heard from me in the presence of many witnesses, entrust these to faithful men who will be able to teach others also. 2 Timothy 2:2 (NIV 1984) (More about this verse here.)
. . . if a man desire the office of a bishop, he desireth a good work. 1 Timothy 3:1 (KJV) (More about this verse here.)
Therefore if any man be in Christ, he is a new creature . . . 2 Corinthians 5:17 (KJV)
And she helps us look next at verses in newer translations:
Compare the following translations of Philippians 2:7b-8a (I have underlined the masculine words):
. . . being made in human likeness. And being found in appearance as a man . . . NIV
. . . being born in the likeness of men. And being found in human form . . . ESV
. . . being made in the likeness of men. Being found in appearance as a man . . . NASB cf. KJV
. . . being born in human likeness. And being found in human form . . . NRSV cf. CEB1 Timothy 2:3b-5 is another passage that I believe has been poorly translated in some Bibles. The NIV 1984 edition translated it like this:
. . . God our Savior, who wants all men to be saved and to come to a knowledge of the truth. For there is one God, and one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus. 1 Timothy 2:3b-5 (NIV 1984, underlines added)
The ESV has one less “man/men” word.
. . . God our Savior, who desires all people to be saved and to come to the knowledge of the truth. For there is one God, and there is one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus, (ESV, italics and underlines added)
The NIV translates it slightly more inclusively.
. . . God our Savior, who wants all people to be saved and to come to a knowledge of the truth. For there is one God and one mediator between God and mankind, the man Christ Jesus, (NIV 2011, italics and underlines added)
1 Timothy 2:3b-5 is translated faithfully in the NRSV and CEB with inclusive words such as “people”, “humanity”, and “human” (instead of “man/men”).
. . . our savior, who wants all people to be saved and to come to a knowledge of the truth. There is one God and one mediator between God and humanity, the human Christ Jesus, (CEB, italics added)
Now I want to do what our BLT co-blogger Theophrastus did by noting how remarkable what our BLT co-blogger “Craig has given us his translation of Kaddish.” I just want to show, here, what Craig Smith has given us with his translation of the Bible.
Compare the translations Marg has shown with Craig’s Bible translation of these various verses:
Therefore, I want people everywhere to lift their hands up reverently in prayer, without anger or dissention. 1 Timothy 2:8
We have gifts that differ according to the grace given to each of us. If your gift is prophecy, use it in proportion to your faith. If your gift is ministry, use it for service, If you are a teacher, use your gift for teaching. If you are good at preaching, then preach boldly. If you give to charity, do so generously; if you are a leader, exercise your authority with care; if you help others, do so cheerfully. Romans 12:6-8
Everything that you’ve heard me teach in the presence of many witnesses–pass it on to trustworthy people, so that they, in turn, will teach others. 2 Timothy 2:2
… whoever wants to be a bishop aspires to a noble task. 1 Timothy 3:1
And for anyone who is in Christ, there is a new creation. The old order has passed away; now everything is new! 2 Corinthians 5:17
and too on the image of oppressed humankind:
born into the human condition,
found in the likeness of a human being. Philippians 2:7b-8a. . . God our Savior, who wants everyone to be saved and to reach full knowledge of the truth. For there is only one God, and there is only one mediator between God and humankind–Christ Jesus, who… 1 Timothy 2:3b-5
I am touched and honored. Truly.
Hi Kurk, I’ll just drop this in and then run for cover …
“who wants all people to be saved and to come to a knowledge of the truth. There is one God and one mediator between God and humanity, the human Christ Jesus” (CEV 1Tim 2:4-5)
This is typical of the many passages that have led me to despair over English Bible translations, and pretty much give up on them all.
As I see it, at the very least here a translation should:
(1) not use “gendered” terms to describe Jesus and those for whom he mediates – so not “man” and “men” (nor “mankind”, as one occasionally comes across “womankind” and so some now understand “mankind” in an equivalent male sense);
(2) not render the Greek plural term (which I think views those mediated for as individuals) as a collective singular (so not “humankind”, “mankind”, “humanity” or “man”); and
(3) not render the term referring to Jesus with the adjective “human”.
The only English version I have found that avoids all three issues is Tom Wright’s “The New Testament for Everyone”, which has “who wants all people to be saved and to come to know the truth. For, you see, there is one God and one mediator between God and humans, King Jesus, himself a human being” – although I’d prefer “human beings” and I’m not happy with “King”. While CEV is OK on (1), it fails on (2) and is ambiguous on (3) (I have other criticisms of NRSV which would make me challenge whether it renders these verses “faithfully”, although it probably does better than many.)
Of course, it’s often easier to criticise than to come up with the goods oneself (although I don’t think such inability is necessary a valid reason to stifle criticism). Personally, I’d be happy with something like “who wants all human beings to be saved and to come into a knowledge of the truth. You see, there is [only] one God and one mediator between God and human beings – a human being, Messiah Jesus”. While most translations avoid repetition of “human being(s)”, perhaps “for stylistic reasons”, in translating the Bible I think accuracy trumps style pretty much every time. No doubt others would disagree.
Craig,
Your translation is just brilliant.
John,
It appears that the Wright version is very much like the much earlier published GOD’S WORD® Translation, and by your standards you may like it better:
There is one God. There is also one mediator between God and humans—a human, Christ Jesus.
Ann Nyland’s and Willis Barnstone’s translations may not be as acceptable to you but are fine by me:
For there is one God, and one mediator between God and people, the person the Anointed One Jesus.
There is one mediator between God and person, Mashiah Yeshua, a man.
I’m honored to have a blog post about my blog post. 😉
I hadn’t read the Common English Bible before writing my article, but I was delighted with what I discovered and have been using since as my English Bible.
I think there are times when the word “man/men” and “woman/women” should still be used in English Bible translations, but only when it is fairly certain that a passage concerns a situation that originally involved or applied to one sex and not the other.
Regardless of the gender of the person, however, the Greek word anthrōpos should be translated as “person” or “human” where possible.